By Dr. Steven A. Cook PhD
ISBN-10: 0801885914
ISBN-13: 9780801885914
Ruling yet now not Governing highlights the severe position that the army performs within the balance of the Egyptian, Algerian, and, until eventually lately, Turkish political structures. This in-depth learn demonstrates that whereas the warriors and materiel of center jap militaries shape the most obvious outer perimeter of regime defense, it really is really the fewer obvious, multilayered institutional legacies of army domination that play the decisive function in regime maintenance.Steven A. cook dinner uncovers the complicated and nuanced personality of the military's curiosity in preserving a facade of democracy. He explores how an authoritarian elite hijack probably democratic practices resembling elections, multiparty politics, and a comparatively freer press as a part of a method to make sure the sturdiness of authoritarian platforms. utilizing Turkey's contemporary reforms as some extent of departure, the learn additionally explores methods exterior political actors can enhance the chance of political swap in Egypt and Algeria. Ruling yet now not Governing offers invaluable perception into the political dynamics that perpetuate authoritarian regimes and gives novel how you can advertise democratic switch. (Jan. 2008)
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Additional info for Ruling But Not Governing: The Military and Political Development in Egypt, Algeria, and Turkey (Council on Foreign Relations Book)
Example text
During the 1980s, however, President Chadli sought to venture beyond what Algeria’s military establishment believed was acceptable on the foreign policy front. The senior o≈cers were willing to allow Chadli to engage in diplomatic e√orts to improve relations among the countries of the Maghreb, including those with Morocco, Algeria’s subregional competitor, but they would only permit the president to operate within certain parameters. ≤∑ Similarly, in the mid-1990s, the commanders prevented President Liamine Zeroual, a retired o≈cer, from establishing a security policy independent of the military.
The Turkish General Sta√ ’s subsequent interventions—the 1971 coup by memorandum, the 1980 coup, and the 28th of February Process, which brought down Turkey’s first Islamist-led government—demonstrate the significant capacity of Turkey’s senior command to act coherently and decisively when necessary. Two Ends of the Spectrum: Lesser Order and Existential Interests Lesser-order interests cover issues that have been, and remain, important to the o≈cers but are not so crucial that they will engage in aggressive or predatory activities to protect them.
It is clear that even at the most senior o≈cer levels, the Turkish General Sta√ can be roughly divided into hardliners and liberals. When, for example, General Hilmi Özkök was slated to become the chief of the General Sta√ in 2002, some o≈cers quietly undertook a campaign to extend the term of the outgoing chief, Hussein Kıvrıko˘glu, due to Özkök’s reputation as a liberal. Despite these di√erences the senior commanders of the Egyptian, Algerian, and Turkish militaries have, at key moments, tended to act coherently and decisively.